We all
know computer system is very useful thing in today’s era and if I tell about
architecture of this great invention it has various components and it has very
complex hardware implemented perfectly. So
today this post is all about Microoperations
used by hardware of computer system and it is also considered in architecture
of computer system.
About Microoperations
In system
design using modular approach having components and join these components to
make a system, components could be registers, multiplexers, decoders, adders
etc.
Microoperations
are the basic operations that can be performed by system on data stored in
registers. Each microoperation describes a simple operation performed on data
in one or more registers.
Microoperations
are used by processors to complete their tasks to transfer data from one place
to another. If we take this more specific then microoperation could be for
transfer data from register to register, between registers and external bus, or
accomplish a simple ALU operation.
Types of Microoperations
- ARITHMETIC MICROOPERATIONS
- LOGIC MICROOPERATIONS
- SHIFT MICROOPERATIONS
Arithmetic Microoperations
We know
basic arithmetic operations are Addition, Subtraction, Increment, Decrement,
and Shift.
Addition
Microoperation
(In
this operation, data presented in R1 register is added with data in R2 register
and result will be stored in R3 register)
Subtraction
Microoperation
(Data
presented in R2 register is subtracted from data in R1 register and result will
be stored in R3 register)
One’s
Complement Microoperations
(Data
value in R2 register is first complemented then will be replaced with itself)
Like
these arithmetic microoperations there are many more microoperations for arithmetic.
But concept is same perform arithmetic operation on data values in registers
and store them into the same register or another.
Logic Microoperations
In
Logic Microoperation there could be different operations like OR, AND, NOT, XOR
etc. but these are basic microperation in logic type.
OR
Microoperation: -
Symbol used for OR Microoperation is “v”
or “+”. “v” this symbol is used when we are showing OR microoperation on bits
and “+” this symbol is used for showing OR microoperation when we are using
Registers (R1, R2 etc) for implementing OR Microoperation.
Example: - 100110 v 1010110 = 1110110
Explanation
of example, in this example each bit starting from right side will be compared with
OR operation and we will get result after all comparisons and in last if bits
are left we can place them as it is.
AND
Microoperation: -
This
is very similar to OR microoperation but, it have different symbol and
different operation that is AND Gate concept.
Symbol is “^”
Example: - 100110 ^ 1010110 = 0000110
Bits
are compared from right side with AND gate operation.
In
NOT Microoperation “bar” symbol is used
Example: -
There
are much more logic microoperations are there but process of implementation is same just have
their own different calculations.
Logic Microoperations Hardware Implementation
The
hardware implementation of logic microoperations requires that logic gates be
inserted for each bit or pair of bits in the registers to perform the required
logic function
Most
computers use only four (AND, OR, XOR, and NOT) from which all others can be
derived.
Note: this is not complete package
about microoperations so if anyone has query can ask in comments below.
1 comments
Neha: thanx a lot my dear
ReplyDeleteIf you have any questions or suggestions, you are free to ask, i will appreciate that and, i will try my best...